quickest way to algorithms work?

Do you mean how google's ranking algorithm works? Short version: it crawls pages, indexes them, then for each search ranks the indexed pages on a pile of signals - relevance to the query, how useful and trustworthy the content looks, links, page experience. Nobody outside google knows the weights. Quickest way to get a real feel for it is reading google's own Search Essentials and the quality rater guidelines rather than chasing algorithm-update blog posts.